Professor Atta-ur-Rahman, NI, FRS, FPAS, is a Pakistani organic chemist serving as Professor Emeritus at the International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS) at the University of Karachi and as Chairman of the Prime Minister's Task Force on Science and Technology.

He has twice served as President of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences (2003–2006 and 2011–2014). He was Pakistan's Federal Minister of Science and Technology (2000–2002), Federal Minister of Education (2002), and Chairman of the Higher Education Commission with the status of Federal Minister (2002–2008).

A leading scientist in natural product and organic chemistry, he has authored more than 1,280 publications and is a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) and a UNESCO Science Laureate. His honours include Pakistan's Nishan-e-Imtiaz, Hilal-e-Imtiaz, Sitara-e-Imtiaz, and Tamgha-e-Imtiaz, as well as the UNESCO Prize and Austria's Order of Merit.